History

James H. Quillen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center

In 1865, President Abraham Lincoln authorized the construction of ten homes and medical facilities for Union Veterans of the Civil War. In 1901 funding was available for building the Mountain Home Branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. The building project was completed in 1903 and accepted the first resident in October of that year. In 1920 Congress provided authority to change the Home into a sanatorium or hospital for the treatment of disabled WWI Veterans who returned with tuberculosis (TB) and influenza. The rationale at the time was the cool mountain air cured TB so screened-in porches were added to the buildings to treat Veterans. In 1989, President Ronald Reagan signed legislation making the VA a cabinet-level facility known as the Department of Veterans Affairs which laid the groundwork for the outstanding care we see today at the facility.

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Building 34 - Clock Tower/Mess Hall (1902)

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The Mess Hall, a structure steeped in significance and transformation. Originally conceived to fulfill the most essential needs of its occupants, this architectural masterpiece held within its walls a grand dining room, a bustling kitchen, an industrious bakery, and an extensive refrigeration and pantry network. The Mess Hall's reputation for the quality and variety of its culinary offerings was legendary, a gastronomic oasis that transcended the mere act of nourishment.

Throughout much of the 20th century, the Mess Hall remained a culinary haven, offering Veterans and staff alike an exceptional dining experience. Inside its spacious dining room, adorned with historic decor and bathed in the warm glow of ambient light, Veterans gathered to savor meals that were far more than sustenance; they were a celebration of flavors, a testament to the skilled hands in the kitchen. The culinary team, guided by tradition and innovation, prepared dishes that became legendary among those they served.

The Mess Hall was more than a place to dine; it was a repository of cherished culinary traditions. The aroma of freshly baked bread wafted from its industrious bakery, and the menu was a symphony of flavors, reflecting regional influences and the expertise of its chefs. From hearty stews that warmed the soul to delicate pastries that delighted the palate, the Mess Hall's culinary prowess was second to none.

As the decades unfolded, the Mess Hall witnessed a meta-morphosis that mirrored the shifting tides of history. Its hallowed halls, once bustling with the clatter of trays and the laughter of camaraderie, now house a diverse array of functions. A museum stands as a testament to its culinary heritage, preserving the memories of delectable meals shared among Veterans and staff.

Over Time, from the addition of an elevator to the expansion of the trash room, from enclosing open-end porches to dividing the grand dining room, the Mess Hall bore witness to change. These modifications, though extensive on the interior, have not entirely erased the historic essence that lingers. The legacy of its culinary excellence persists, an enduring reminder of the commitment to quality that defined its existence.

Every meal was a tribute to the Veterans it served, a gesture of gratitude for their service, and a reminder that even amid challenging times, the comfort of a well-prepared meal could provide solace.

Yet, as time marches on, even the most venerable structures must undergo renovation. In 1998, the Mess Hall experienced its most recent transformation, breathing new life into its aged bones. Today, it stands as a symbol of adaptation and resilience, a monument to the Veterans it once served, and a testament to the culinary traditions that defined its identity. The Mess Hall remains a place where history, heritage, and culinary artistry converge, a tribute to the importance of a well-cooked meal in the tapestry of Veterans' lives. The flavors of the past still linger in its halls, a reminder of the role it played in nourishing both body and spirit.

 

Building 20 – The Guardhouse/Jail (1903)

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The National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, not only provided shelter and rehabilitation to Veterans but also had a comprehensive system in place to maintain discipline and justice within its community. One key component of this system was the Guard House and Jail, which housed a police station and court.

The Chief or Director of Mountain Branch, acting as the highest authority within the facility, presided over the court proceedings. Cases typically brought before this court involved residents who had gotten into trouble, engaged in fights, or were found intoxicated on the premises. Upstairs in the building, the court proceedings took place. Here, residents facing disciplinary actions received a fair hearing. The court aimed not just to punish but also to rehabilitate and guide Veterans toward better choices. Penalties could range from warnings and counseling to temporary restrictions on their movements within Mountain Branch.

The building also featured a basement area that served as a "drunk tank" and jail cell. This space was reserved for residents who had consumed alcohol to excess or committed more serious infractions. Those who were deemed a danger to themselves or others due to intoxication would be placed in the "drunk tank" until they sobered up.

The jail cell in the basement was reserved for residents who required more extended disciplinary measures. Those who had repeatedly violated the institution's rules or committed more severe offenses could be confined in this cell for a specified period. This ranged from a few days to up to 90 days, depending on the severity of the transgressions.

The combination of court proceedings and the availability of the "drunk tank" and jail cell emphasized the institution's commitment to maintaining discipline while recognizing the unique challenges faced by Veterans. Residents who found themselves in these situations were not only held accountable for their actions but were also provided with opportunities for rehabilitation.

 

Building 69 - The Infirmary (1903)

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Infirmary played a pivotal role in the lives of those who sought solace and care within its walls. The Infirmary, with its stately architecture and serene surroundings, was a place of healing and solace for the Veterans of the Mountain Branch. Within its walls, a dedicated nursing staff provided round-the-clock care to residents who were sick or infirm due to injuries sustained during their service to the nation. The infirmary was the heart of the healthcare system within the Mountain Branch, where Veterans received medical attention and compassionate support.

The nursing staff, composed of skilled and compassionate individuals, played a crucial role in the well-being of the residents. These nurses were often Veterans themselves, and their deep understanding of the physical and emotional challenges faced by their patients allowed them to provide a level of care that extended beyond just medical treatment. They were caregivers, confidants, and sources of comfort in times of distress.

The functions of the infirmary were multifaceted. It served as a place of diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. Medical practitioners, including physicians and surgeons, worked diligently to address a wide range of health issues afflicting the Veteran residents. There was always an emergency doctor/provider on campus 24/7 (The white “Surgeon Houses” on the property were where the doctors and surgeons lived, along with their families. This ensured there were always emergency services available). The hospital was equipped with state-of-the-art medical equipment of its time, and the staff employed the best available medical practices to facilitate healing.

Beyond medical treatment, the infirmary also provided rehabilitative services. Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and vocational training were common components of the rehabilitation programs. Veterans who had suffered physical disabilities were given the opportunity to regain their independence and skills, enabling them to reintegrate into society as productive citizens.

The infirmary's mission extended beyond its physical confines. It served as a symbol of hope and resilience to all residents of the Mountain Branch. The sight of fellow Veterans receiving care and support in their times of need instilled a sense of solidarity and purpose within the community.

 

Building 37 – Nurses’ Quarters (1903)

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Within the grounds of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, the Nurses' Quarters, building 37, stands as a silent witness to a century of transformations and service to Veterans. This two-story red brick edifice, facing west, has seen its fair share of historical transitions since its construction, with each chapter adding layers to its storied existence.

The building, originally constructed as a nurses' quarters, boasted striking architectural details like decorative brackets and exposed braces. These intricate elements adorned the structure's facade, symbolizing both the craftsmanship of the era and the care that would be provided within its walls. Over the years, these features have weathered the test of time, standing as a testament to the enduring spirit of the building.

In the 1930s, a three-story extension was seamlessly integrated into the eastern side of the structure. This extension, although unobtrusive from the front, marked a significant turning point in the building's history. It was during this period that the building transitioned into a psychiatric facility, becoming home to psychiatry wards 9, 10, and 11. Within its walls, medical professionals tirelessly worked to provide care and support to Veterans dealing with mental health challenges.

Beneath the surface, in the basement of Building 37, a print shop hummed with activity. This lesser-known aspect of the building's history highlights the practicality and versatility of the structure. While it primarily served as a residence and healthcare facility, it also accommodated vocational spaces, demonstrating its adaptability to the evolving needs of the National Home and its residents.

The year 1965 marked another significant transformation for Building 37. It was at this juncture that the building transitioned into a nursing home facility, with the capacity to house 58 beds. This transition further underlined the building's commitment to the care and well-being of Veterans who had given so much in service to their nation.

In 2009, Building 37 underwent a comprehensive renovation, breathing new life into its aging structure. Emerging from this restoration, the building found a new purpose as the home of the Engineering Service. This latest chapter in its history signifies a return to its roots of serving the National Home's needs, albeit in a different capacity.

Today, the Nurses' Quarters, building 37, continues to stand as a testament to resilience and adaptability. Its red brick facade, adorned with decorative brackets, remains an iconic symbol of the care and service provided to generations of Veterans at the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch. As it houses the Engineering Service, the building embodies the institution's enduring commitment to caring for those who have sacrificed for their country, echoing the noble mission that has guided it for over a century.

 

Building 36 - Morgue (1903)

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In the early 1900s, as the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, took shape in Johnson City, Tennessee, a seemingly unassuming building held a crucial role within its complex infrastructure. This building, known as the Morgue, stood as a silent sentinel to the passing of time and the sacrifices made by Veterans. Its construction, unique design traits, and its profound impact on both the campus and the Johnson City area paint a vivid picture of its historical significance.

Construction of the Morgue commenced in September 1902, a pivotal moment in the hospital complex's development. The contract, valued at $6,725, was awarded to J. E. Parrish of Lynchburg, Virginia, who had also overseen the construction of the hospital's other pavilions. However, the Morgue's construction faced several challenges, including issues with the foundation, which delayed its progress.

By May 1903, the local newspaper, the Johnson City Comet, reported that "work is progressing as well as solid limestone will permit upon the foundation for the morgue and the tunnel to Ward No. 3 through which the dead will be carried." The tunnel connecting the Morgue to the hospital, though macabre in its purpose, showcased the meticulous planning that went into the facility.

Unfortunately, Parrish's workmanship issues led to the suspension of the hospital's construction in August 1903, creating a setback. Nevertheless, construction of the Morgue continued under the supervision of architect D. C. Spencer and the new general contractor, J. F. Unkefer. The building gradually took shape, with the roof completed by late September. The interior walls were prepared for plastering, and the tunnel connecting to the basement of Ward 3 was readied for bricklaying.

The Morgue's original purpose was to discreetly transport deceased patients from the hospital for storage, autopsy, and burial preparation. It featured a small chapel for funeral and prayer services, a poignant reminder of the solemnity of its function. Later, this chapel was repurposed into an autopsy theater, emphasizing the evolving needs of the facility.

Perhaps one of the most intriguing aspects of the Morgue's history was the casual demeanor of the pathologist who worked there. According to anecdotal accounts, the pathologist was known to sit at the tables and eat his lunch, illustrating the fine line between life and death that staff members treaded daily.

Over time, the Morgue's role shifted, and it evolved into a facility for storing hazardous materials and decontamination showers. This transformation underscores the adaptability of historical structures to meet contemporary needs while preserving their historical significance.

The Morgue, though originally a somber place, played a vital role in the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch. Its construction and transformation over the years serve as a testament to the dedication and resilience of the community, reflecting the profound impact it had on the campus and the Johnson City area during the early 1900s. It stands not only as a historical artifact but as a reminder of the sacrifices made by Veterans and the enduring spirit of those who cared for them.

 

Building 17 - Carnegie Library (1904)

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In the heart of Johnson City, Tennessee, a remarkable institution known as the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, has played a significant role in supporting Veterans since its establishment. Among its cherished landmarks, the Carnegie Library, building 17, stands as a testament to the dedication of Congressman Walter P. Brownlow and the generosity of Andrew Carnegie, leaving an indelible mark on the community in the early 1900s.

Congressman Brownlow, a seven-term representative of Tennessee, was renowned for his ability to secure federal funding for projects in his district, and the Mountain Home was no exception. In a historic move, he managed to secure $25,000 from the philanthropic Andrew Carnegie for the construction of a library on the institution's grounds. This contribution was particularly noteworthy as it made the Mountain Branch one of only two Veterans' hospital complexes in the country with a Carnegie library.

The process of bringing this exceptional library to life was marked by Congressman Brownlow's tireless efforts. He corresponded directly with Andrew Carnegie, requesting assistance to build the library, a component not initially included in the proposal. Carnegie's response, a simple note expressing his compliance with the request, was accompanied by a generous check for $25,000, covering the entire construction cost.

To furnish the library with knowledge and culture, Congressman Brownlow reached out to major publishers of the era, and their response was overwhelming. They donated a staggering 16,000 volumes, ensuring that the library would become a haven of learning for generations to come. Brownlow's advocacy extended beyond books; he contacted leading music companies, securing all the necessary instruments for the Home's band, enriching the lives of residents through music.

In a move that further connected the Mountain Home with the broader Johnson City community, Congressman Brownlow successfully petitioned the city council to extend the trolley lines to the institution. Approved in November 1901, this expansion brought greater accessibility to the Mountain Branch, with the trolley running ten hours a day, offering a convenient mode of transportation for just five cents each way.

The architectural beauty of the Carnegie Library at Mountain Branch reflects the care and thoughtfulness invested in its design. The rectangular building, oriented on an east/west axis, features red brick in a Flemish bond, accentuated by buff brick accents. The grand entrance on the south-facing façade is framed by Tuscan order columns, with decorative knockers adorning double entry doors. Tall rectangular two-light casement windows with elegant hoods and oversized consoles flank the entry. The mansard roof, crowned with a tablet bearing the inscription "Carnegie Library Erected MCMIII," proudly announces the library's origins.

Inside, the library retains original French doors from the vestibule and exquisite stained glass in the ceiling. The second level features balcony rails, adding to the library's architectural charm.

Today, the Carnegie Library continues to serve its community, albeit in a different capacity, as a lecture hall used by East Tennessee State University (ETSU) and the Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA). Yet, its historical significance remains intact, a living reminder of Congressman Brownlow's vision, Andrew Carnegie's generosity, and the enduring impact of philanthropy on education and culture in the Johnson City area.

As we reflect on the legacy of the Carnegie Library at Mountain Branch, we are reminded that it not only stands as a testament to the power of collaboration but also serves as a beacon of knowledge, culture, and community spirit for all who have had the privilege to pass through its doors.

 

The Barracks 1-7 (1904)

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In the early 1900s, amidst the serene landscape of Johnson City, Tennessee, a remarkable architectural marvel rose to serve those who had bravely served their nation. The Barracks 1-7 at the Mountain Branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers (NHDVS) stand not only as a testament to the care of Veterans but also as architectural gems in their own right.

Designed by the skilled architect Joseph H. Freelander, who had honed his craft at the Boston Institute of Technology and the prestigious Ecole des Beaux-Arts, these barracks were a vision of grandeur and functionality. In 1905, Buildings 1 and 2 emerged, flanking the Mess Hall with their imposing presence. They were towering three-story structures characterized by the Beaux Arts architectural style, complete with regal limestone foundations and columns. At either end of each wing, unique five-sided sections featured limestone staircases leading to entrances, adding to their stately appearance.

Nearby, Barracks 3-7, constructed in the same year, took on a simpler yet dignified Colonial Revival-inspired style. These two-story structures boasted sturdy limestone foundations, further grounding them in the landscape.

Beyond their architectural significance, these barracks played a crucial role in the lives of the Veterans they sheltered. Inside, the barracks resembled a military setup, with wide-open, long military-style bathrooms and beds laid out on the ground, rather than bunks. Each Veteran had a locker, providing them with a modicum of privacy, and they were expected to maintain impeccable order, subject to weekly inspections conducted by the Detail Officer in Charge.

A sense of community flourished within the barracks, with Veterans forming baseball teams known as "The Soldiers," competing against other teams in the Tri-Cities area. The local wildlife, including deer, elk, and even an overweight bear affectionately named Fanny, often paid visits, reminding the residents of the natural beauty surrounding them. However, the feral cat population, known as "Tree Cats," became an issue in later years.

A glimpse into the past reveals that Veterans were initially provided surplus Civil War uniforms upon entry into the home, highlighting the historical context of these buildings. The organizational structure within the barracks mirrored military companies, with Captains and Sergeants overseeing the Veterans. Even the full-time staff held military officer ranks and wore uniforms, a tradition that persisted until World War II.

Barracks No. 1 and 2, designed to accommodate over 400 Veterans each, were not only architectural landmarks but also symbols of the government's commitment to caring for those who had served. The NHDVS, established by Congress in 1865, aimed to provide assistance to Civil War Veterans disabled in the line of duty. The Mountain Branch, strategically located in Washington County, Tennessee, due to its healthful climate and proximity to underserved Veterans in the South, embodied this mission. Over time, the institution expanded its membership to include Veterans of various conflicts, becoming part of the new Veterans Administration in 1930.

In preserving the legacy of Barracks Buildings 1-7, we honor not only the architectural prowess of Joseph H. Freelander but also the unwavering dedication of those who served their country and found solace within these historic walls. These buildings continue to stand as a testament to the enduring commitment of a grateful nation to its Veterans.

Amidst the tranquil surroundings of the Mountain Branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, the Veterans found solace not only in the camaraderie of their fellow residents but also in the presence of the local wildlife, which became their unofficial companions.

**Deer**: The gentle presence of deer was a common sight near the barracks. These graceful creatures roamed freely, seemingly untroubled by the human activity nearby. Veterans would often find a sense of peace and connection with nature as they observed the deer grazing or moving gracefully through the landscape. The deer's presence provided a connection to the natural world and a reminder of the serene beauty of the surrounding area.

**Fanny the Bear**: Fanny the bear, with her rather unique name, became a beloved figure among the Veterans. Fanny, however, had a distinctive trait that set her apart from typical bears: she was overweight due to the food she received from the residents. Over time, the Veterans had developed a special bond with Fanny, and they would often share their meals with her. This endearing and unusual relationship with an overweight bear named Fanny added a touch of charm and whimsy to daily life at the Mountain Branch.

**Elk**: Elk, known for their majestic antlers and imposing presence, were also part of the local wildlife population. The Veterans would observe these magnificent creatures as they roamed the grounds, contributing to the sense of connection with the natural world. The sight of elk gracefully moving through the landscape would have undoubtedly left a lasting impression on those who called the barracks home.

**Wolf**: The presence of a wolf in the vicinity added an element of wilderness to the surroundings. While wolves are typically associated with untamed wilderness, their presence near the Mountain Branch served as a reminder of the rugged and natural beauty of the region. Though wolves are known for their elusive nature, glimpses of them would have been both awe-inspiring and perhaps a bit daunting for the Veterans.

These local "pets" or wildlife companions added a unique dimension to life at the Mountain Branch. They provided a connection to the natural world, offered moments of serenity and wonder, and undoubtedly contributed to the sense of community among the Veterans as they shared stories and experiences related to these remarkable animals. In the midst of their daily routines and the challenges they faced, these encounters with the local wildlife would have been cherished moments of respite and connection with the world beyond the barracks.

 

Building 10 - The Bandstand/Gazebo (1905)

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On picturesque landscapes of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, lies a symbol of both respite and rhythm, a haven of melodies and memories—the bandstand. Beyond its significance to the Veterans, the bandstand also played a pivotal role in connecting the institution to the local community through its weekly concerts.

The National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers (NHDVS) was established in 1865 to provide care and support for disabled Veterans of the Civil War. Mountain Branch, located near Johnson City, Tennessee, was one of several regional branches created to cater to the unique needs of Veterans in the Appalachian region. As the number of Veterans seeking refuge at Mountain Branch grew, so did the need for recreational and therapeutic activities. Recognizing the importance of music in the rehabilitation and morale of the Veterans, the administration of Mountain Branch commissioned the construction of a bandstand in the late 19th century. The bandstand was designed as an open-air pavilion, adorned with ornate details, and surrounded by lush gardens. It quickly became the focal point of the institution's musical endeavors.

Music played a crucial role in the recovery and well-being of the Veterans at Mountain Branch. The institution boasted an in-house band, aptly named the "Branch Band," which performed weekly concerts at the bandstand. These concerts were a highlight for both residents and the local community.

Every Sunday afternoon, the Branch Band would gather at the bandstand, dressed in their uniforms, ready to perform for their fellow Veterans and the citizens of Johnson City.

These concerts featured a diverse repertoire, including patriotic tunes, classical pieces, and popular songs of the era. The bandstand's acoustics and scenic surroundings made these performances a joy to behold. The weekly concerts by the Branch Band became a beloved tradition in Johnson City. Families would bring picnic baskets, and residents from the surrounding area would gather to enjoy the music, fostering a sense of community between the Veterans and the local citizens. It was a reminder that the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers was not an isolated institution but an integral part of the Johnson City community.

Today, the bandstand at Mountain Branch stands as a living testament to the healing power of music and the enduring legacy of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. While the institution itself has evolved and transformed into the James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, the bandstand remains a cherished historical landmark, a symbol of the harmonious bond that once existed between Veterans and the citizens of Johnson City.

The bandstand at the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, stands as more than just an architectural marvel; it embodies the resilience of Veterans, the importance of music in their healing journey, and the bridge it created between Veterans and their local community. The weekly concerts performed by the Branch Band served as a cultural and communal thread, reminding us that the power of music can unite people from all walks of life, providing solace, strength, and a shared sense of purpose.

 

Building 13 – The Chapel (1905)

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In the heart of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, nestled among the rolling hills of Maryland, stands Chapel Building 13, a testament to history and unity in the early 1900s. This cherished institution, constructed between 1904 and 1905 by the skilled hands of Architect J.H. Freedlander of New York, New York, has played an integral role in providing spiritual solace and support to the Veterans who called Mountain Branch their home.

The chapel's unique design was a masterstroke, reflecting the inclusive ethos of the National Home. It boasted two nearly identical wings, each serving a specific religious community. One wing was tailored to accommodate Protestant services, with Governor Col. John P. Smith noting in his fiscal year report of July 19, 1905, that the Protestant services were in full swing, held twice on Sundays, in addition to a mid-week prayer service. The other wing was reserved for Catholic services, although it was not yet complete for "full" Catholic services at the time of Col. Smith's report.

It didn't take long for the Catholic wing to reach its full potential. Within a year, Catholic Chaplain Walter F. Gottwalles proudly reported that the Catholic wing had been "completely furnished and decorated for the proper celebration of divine services" at a cost of $1,400, all without expense to the Home.

The chapel's popularity and importance to the residents of Mountain Branch were evident. By late September 1905, an impressive average of 150 Protestant and 75 Catholic members attended services regularly, representing an impressive 32.2 percent of the total membership. This remarkable attendance rate surpassed that of any other branch, emphasizing the profound significance of the chapel in the lives of the Veterans it served.

As the years passed, the chapel continued to evolve. In the fiscal year 1922, pipe organs were installed in each chapel, adding a melodious dimension to the worship experience. By 1953, each sanctuary boasted 32 pews, providing a total of 192 seats for the faithful congregation.

The spirit of unity and faith persisted through the decades, as both wings of the Chapel remained active for religious services well into the 1980s. The Chapel Building 13 at the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, stands as a living testament to the enduring legacy of community, service, and devotion that defines the institution and its historic chapel. It continues to honor the memory of those who served their nation and reminds us of the power of faith to heal and unite.

 

Building 35 - The Theater (Memorial Hall) (1905)

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Within the historic National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, stands the timeless Opera House, also affectionately known as the Memorial Hall Theater. Built in 1904, this remarkable structure has not only withstood the test of time but has also etched its name into the annals of architectural and cultural history.

Designed by the renowned architect Joseph Freedlander in the Beaux Arts style, Memorial Hall Theater is a south-facing jewel that graces the landscape of the National Home. Its location, just east of the Beaux Arts Chapel (building 13), emphasizes its importance as a cultural and communal focal point within the campus.

One of the most distinctive features of Memorial Hall is its enduring role as a hub for community events. Throughout the early 1900s, this theater hosted a multitude of dance recitals and theater productions that captivated audiences and left lasting memories. The forestage underwent a renovation in the 1980s, which included replacing seats and carpets, ensuring that the theater continued to provide a comfortable and inviting space for spectators.

For several decades, Memorial Hall was leased by the Friends of Theatre at East Tennessee State University's Theater Department, making it a vital part of the local arts and culture scene. However, in 2018, a new chapter began when the VA's Maintenance Unit B moved into the theater.

Notably, in 2020, the building received a modern upgrade with the installation of new heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, ensuring its continued functionality and comfort for future generations. Despite these updates, many original features of Memorial Hall remain intact, serving as a testament to its historical significance. The intricate curtains, elegant arches, French doors, curved stairways, stage, orchestra pit, and ornate balconies continue to transport visitors to a bygone era of grandeur and sophistication.

Memorial Hall Theater also played a unique role in the community's life during the early 1900s. Vaudeville Acts, featuring live theater and comedy, regularly graced its stage. These actors arrived in Johnson City by train and generously performed free acts for the Veterans. Remarkably, there was no sound system; instead, a live band provided the musical accompaniment. Walter P. Brownlow played a pivotal role in securing musical companies from across the country to donate instruments, forming a band comprised of Veterans. This band performed every Wednesday evening and Sunday afternoon, delighting locals who would ride the trolley to the VA and enjoy picnics while listening to music. Additionally, the band provided live music for the Vaudeville Acts, adding to the charm and vibrancy of the theater.

As Memorial Hall Theater stands poised for future renovations and reopening to the public, it continues to be a cherished cultural and historical gem, preserving the rich tapestry of Johnson City's past. With its grandeur and historical significance, Memorial Hall serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mountain Branch, and its role in enriching the lives of both Veterans and the local community.

 

Bldgs. 1-6 - White Houses (1905)

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In the early 1900s, as the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers in Mountain Branch expanded its facilities to better serve the needs of Veterans, a group of unique and historically significant buildings emerged. Known as the White Surgeon Houses, these structures played a crucial role in the development of medical care and community life within the institution and its surrounding Johnson City area.

The White Surgeon Houses, also referred to as Officer's and Surgeon's Quarters, were designed to accommodate the healthcare professionals who were vital to the National Home's operations. Apart from administrative staff like the governor of the home, quartermaster responsible for supplies and logistics, and chief engineer, the surgeons were a pivotal part of this community. Their jobs demanded their constant presence, with a 24-hour availability requirement, making it necessary for them to reside on-site. Furthermore, these houses were designed to accommodate the surgeons' families, fostering a sense of community within the National Home.

The architectural significance of these houses is undeniable. Constructed in the early 1900s, they exemplify the Colonial Revival style with their two-story frames and clapboard siding, all facing south. They were strategically arranged in an irregular semicircle to the north of the governor's quarters. These houses are similar in design to the governor's residence, and their proximity emphasized the importance of the medical staff within the institution.

What sets these houses apart is their role in the expansion of the National Home into a tuberculosis hospital during the 1920s. This transition marked a shift towards a primarily medical-focused facility, and the Surgeon Houses are a tangible representation of this transformation. Although nearly identical, some variations and modifications exist among these houses, reflecting the evolving needs of the medical staff and their families over the years.

Surrounded by picturesque hills and wooded areas, the White Surgeon Houses offered tranquil views to the south, creating a peaceful environment for both the medical professionals and the Veterans they cared for. The location allowed the medical staff to focus on their critical tasks while ensuring their families had a supportive and inviting place to call home.

The impact of the White Surgeon Houses on the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers and the Johnson City area cannot be overstated. These houses served as a symbol of the institution's dedication to providing top-notch medical care to Veterans, especially in the context of the tuberculosis epidemic of the 1920s. They stand as a testament to the commitment of the medical staff who served here and the resilience of the Veterans who called the National Home their home.

Today, the White Surgeon Houses continue to stand as a reminder of the dedication and compassion that have characterized the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers throughout its history. These historic buildings serve as a link to the past, preserving the memory of those who worked tirelessly to care for our nation's Veterans in the early 1900s, leaving an indelible mark on both the institution and the Johnson City community.